Criminology utilitarianism

Criminology utilitarianism Jeremy Bentham’s ethical theory was an attempt to measure happiness and goodness in order to meet the scientific method’s requirements. Empirical, quantitative, verifiable, and repeatable ethics were required throughout time and place (Tardi, 2020). Bentham despised religious authority and railed against natural rights in a reply to the Declaration of Independence. All social values and government laws should strive to provide the greatest pleasure for the largest number of people, according to Bentham’s basic premise, which underpins utilitarianism. As a result, utilitarianism emphasizes the effects or ultimate aim of an act over the actor’s character, motive, or the specific circumstances surrounding the act. It has the following characteristics: universality, in that it applies to all acts of human behavior, including those that appear to be motivated by altruism; objectivity, in that it operates outside of individual thought, desire, and perspective; rationality, in that it is not based on metaphysics or theology; and quantifiability, in that it is based on utility.

Capitalism

Capitalism produces both good and bad outcomes, and crime is regarded as a negative outcome. Excessive capitalism may create anger, competition, and passion among various social classes. As capitalism grows, so does crime. Both libertarians and gun owners agree with this assertion, and they expect crime to rise as deregulations rise, just as capitalism does. By balancing capitalism with various types of socialism, the amount of crime created by capitalism is reduced. Making society more equitable will diminish feelings of frustration, wrath, and competition, as well as the amount of individuals who believe they are losers or failures. An equal society is recognized to have lower crime rates, whereas an uneven society is known to have higher crime rates.

Developmental disabilities

I think that some criminal conduct is caused by developmental impairments, and that persons with developmental disabilities have intrinsic traits that make them more vulnerable in the criminal justice system. The right treatment for a person with developmental impairments who has been charged or convicted of a crime is a constant battle for society. Italian psychiatrist Cesare Lombroso proposed that criminals were atavistic, basically evolutionary throwbacks (SCCJR, n.d. pp.2). He said that their brains were underdeveloped or incomplete. Lombroso claimed that criminality was a result of biology and biological traits: criminals were born with certain qualities. Lombroso’s thesis is essentially a biological positivism theory. Biological ideas have continued to evolve. Modern methods focus on Biochemical circumstances, Neurophysiological conditions, Genetic inheritance and/or abnormalities, and Intelligence rather than assessing physical characteristics of the body. These efforts to pinpoint the causes of crime within the individual show that offenders and non-offenders have distinguishable characteristics. To put it another way, the criminal is different or odd in some manner from everyone else.

Personality

Many types of behavior, including criminal activity, are influenced by one’s personality. The words antisocial personality, psychopathy, and sociopath are interchangeable. Sociopaths are frequently the result of a toxic family environment. Psychopaths are the result of an internal flaw or aberration. Low levels of guilt, superficial charm, above-average intelligence, repeated breaches of others’ rights, inability to build lasting relationships, and shallow emotions are all characteristics of the antisocial personality. Traumatic socialization, neurological disorders, and brain abnormalities are all possible causes. It’s worth noting that many repeat offenders are sociopaths. As a result, if personality features may predict crime and violence, one would conclude that the fundamental cause of crime lies in the factors that shape human development from a young age.

social status and crime

In a variety of ways, social status and crime are linked. People from lower socioeconomic classes are more likely to be arrested, convicted, and imprisoned for crimes than those from higher socioeconomic classes. Affluent people are less likely to be arrested and convicted of crimes, despite the fact that their illegal conduct may cost society more money. Many criminological theories have looked at the link between economic issues and crime, including the impacts of poverty on stress, the influence of growing up in a poor area, poverty culture, and the structure and enforcement of laws and the judicial system. Rational Choice Theory, Biological and Biosocial Theories, Social Learning Theory, and Labeling Theory are some of the theories that have been proposed. In my opinion, the rational choice theory can be used to eradicate classism in criminal justice. It implies that the decision to commit a crime is based on a reasonable cost-benefit analysis (KSU, n.d.). This approach stresses punishment as the most effective way of deterring criminal behavior: Individuals will determine that crime is not worth it if the cost is sufficiently greater than the benefit.

References

Carla Tardi, (2020). Utilitarianism.                            Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/utilitarianism.asp

SCCJR, (n.d.). Theories and causes of crime. University of Glasgow. http://www.sccjr.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/SCCJR-Causes-of-Crime.pdf

Kent State University, (n.d.). Major criminology theories and how they affect Policy. https://onlinedegrees.kent.edu/sociology/criminal-justice/community/criminal-behavior-theories

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